Cross Stitch for Beginners: Complete Guide to Get Started
Everything you need to know to start cross stitching today - supplies, techniques, and your first project
What is Cross Stitch?
Cross stitch is a form of counted-thread embroidery where X-shaped stitches are made on fabric with an even weave. It's one of the oldest and most popular forms of needlework, dating back centuries.
Unlike freeform embroidery, cross stitch follows a grid pattern, making it perfect for beginners because each stitch goes in a predictable place. Think of it like pixel art with thread!
Why Start Cross Stitching?
- Easy to learn - Basic stitch takes minutes to master
- Relaxing - Repetitive motion is meditative and stress-relieving
- Portable - Take projects anywhere
- Affordable - Low startup cost compared to other crafts
- Creative - Make gifts, home decor, or custom art
Beginner Supplies List
You don't need much to start cross stitching. Here's everything a beginner needs:
Aida Fabric
Specially woven fabric with visible holes that make counting stitches easy. Start with 14-count Aida in white or cream - it's the most beginner-friendly size.
14-count means 14 stitches per inch. Lower counts (11) have bigger holes, higher counts (18) are smaller and more detailed.
Embroidery Floss
DMC cotton floss is the gold standard. It comes in 6-strand skeins - you'll separate and use 2 strands for most projects on 14-count Aida.
Start with a small kit or buy individual colors for your first pattern.
Tapestry Needles
Blunt-tipped needles (sizes 24-26) with large eyes. The blunt tip slides between fabric threads without splitting them. Size 24 works great for 14-count Aida.
Embroidery Hoop
Holds fabric taut while stitching. Start with a 6-inch wooden or plastic hoop. Some stitchers prefer Q-snaps or scroll frames later.
Small Scissors
Sharp embroidery scissors for cutting thread. Any small, sharp scissors work - you'll use them constantly.
Pattern
A chart showing which colors go where. Start with a simple design - 50 stitches or less with 3-5 colors.
Want everything in one package?
Shop Beginner KitsHow to Make a Cross Stitch
The basic cross stitch is simple - it's just two diagonal lines crossing each other to form an X.
Thread Your Needle
Cut about 18 inches of floss. Separate 2 strands from the 6-strand skein. Thread through the needle eye - no knot needed yet.
Start with a Loop Start (Recommended)
Fold your thread in half, thread the cut ends through the needle. Come up through the fabric, leaving the loop on the back. Make your first half-stitch, then pass the needle through the loop to anchor.
Make the First Leg
Come up at the bottom-left hole, go down at the top-right hole. This creates a diagonal line: /
Complete the X
Come up at the bottom-right hole, go down at the top-left hole. You've completed an X!
Continue Stitching
For rows, stitch all the / legs first, then come back crossing with \ legs. This creates neater, more consistent stitches.
End Your Thread
Weave the needle under 4-5 existing stitches on the back, then snip. Never use knots - they create bumps.
Reading Cross Stitch Patterns
Cross stitch patterns are charts where each square represents one stitch. Here's how to read them:
The Grid
Each square = one cross stitch. The grid lines help you count. Bold lines often mark every 10 squares.
Symbols
Each symbol represents a thread color. A key/legend tells you which symbol = which DMC color number.
Color Key
Lists all colors needed with DMC numbers, symbol used, and sometimes the color name. Count symbols to estimate thread needs.
Center Marks
Arrows or lines show the pattern center. Start here to ensure your design is centered on the fabric.
Finding the Center
Fold your fabric in half both ways and mark the center with a pin or light pencil. Match this to the center arrows on your pattern. Starting from the center prevents running out of fabric!
Your First Cross Stitch Project
For your first project, choose something small and simple:
- Size: Under 4 inches / 50 stitches wide
- Colors: 3-5 colors maximum
- Design: Simple shapes - hearts, flowers, letters, geometric patterns
- No backstitching: Save outline stitching for later projects
Great First Project Ideas
Create a custom pattern from any image:
Free Pattern GeneratorTop 10 Beginner Tips
- Good lighting is essential. Stitch near a window or use a craft lamp.
- Don't pull too tight. Stitches should lie flat, not pucker the fabric.
- Keep threads short. 18 inches maximum prevents tangling and fraying.
- Let your needle dangle. Every few stitches, let it hang to untwist the thread.
- Wash your hands. Clean, dry hands prevent oils from staining fabric.
- Start in the center. Work outward to ensure proper placement.
- Count twice, stitch once. Double-check before committing to a color area.
- Take breaks. Rest your eyes and hands every 20-30 minutes.
- Accept imperfection. Small mistakes often disappear in the final piece.
- Enjoy the process. Cross stitch is about relaxation, not speed.
Common Beginner Mistakes (And How to Avoid Them)
Using Knots
Creates bumps visible from the front
Use loop start or weave under existing stitches
Pulling Too Tight
Puckers fabric and distorts stitches
Stitches should lie flat with slight tension
Starting in a Corner
Risk running off the edge of fabric
Always start from the center outward
Using All 6 Strands
Too thick, stitches look bulky
Use 2 strands for 14-count Aida
Not Using a Hoop
Uneven tension, harder to count holes
Keep fabric taut in a hoop while stitching
Crossing Stitches Different Directions
Inconsistent, messy appearance
All top stitches should slant the same way
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take to learn cross stitch?
You can learn the basic stitch in 10-15 minutes. After one small project (a few hours), you'll feel comfortable. Mastering techniques like neat backs and French knots takes longer, but the basics are quick.
What's the difference between cross stitch and embroidery?
Cross stitch uses only X-shaped stitches on gridded fabric. Embroidery uses many stitch types on any fabric. Cross stitch is more structured and beginner-friendly; embroidery offers more artistic freedom.
How much does it cost to start?
A basic beginner kit runs $10-25. Individual supplies: Aida fabric ($3-8), floss ($0.50 per color), needles ($3-5), hoop ($3-8). You can start for under $20.
Can I create my own patterns?
Yes! Use our free pattern generator to convert any photo into a cross stitch chart, or design your own on graph paper.
How do I fix mistakes?
Carefully unpick wrong stitches with your needle or a seam ripper. Work slowly to avoid damaging the fabric. Small mistakes often aren't noticeable in the finished piece.
What do I do with finished pieces?
Frame them for wall art, make into ornaments, sew onto pillows, create bookmarks, or give as gifts. The possibilities are endless!